Dynamic Microphones

A dynamic microphone consists of a diaphragm—a thin, flexible material sensitive to sound waves—and a coil of wire attached to this diaphragm. Within the microphone, there is a magnet. When sound waves cause the diaphragm to move, the linked coil moves within the magnetic field generated by the magnet.

This movement induces an electrical current in the coil through a process known as electromagnetic induction. The variations in air pressure caused by sound waves are thus translated into an electrical signal. This signal is then sent through the microphone cable to a mixer, amplifier, or recording device for further processing or recording.

Dynamic microphones are renowned for their durability and reliability. They are particularly well-suited for handling high sound pressure levels without introducing distortion. While they may be less sensitive to subtle nuances in sound than condenser microphones, dynamic microphones are often preferred in scenarios involving live sound or recording loud sources such as guitar amplifiers and drums.

Well-known examples of dynamic microphones include the Shure SM58, Electro-Voice RE20, Sennheiser MD 421, AKG D112, Beyerdynamic M88, and Shure SM7B.

The Electro-Voice RE20 is a broadcast-standard microphone widely used in radio, voiceover, and studio recording applications. Recognized for its smooth and flat frequency response, the RE20 is prized for capturing the natural tonal qualities of a voice.

The Sennheiser MD 421 is a classic dynamic microphone known for its versatility. It is frequently used in recording studios for capturing a wide range of instruments, including drums, guitars, and brass instruments.

The AKG D112 is a dynamic microphone designed specifically for kick drums. Its tailored frequency response and ability to handle high SPL (Sound Pressure Level) make it a popular choice for capturing the low-frequency impact of bass drums and other bass-heavy instruments.

The Beyerdynamic M88 is another dynamic microphone with a reputation for its durability and versatility. It is often used for vocal instruments and as a broadcast microphone.

While often associated with broadcasting, the Shure SM7B is a dynamic microphone widely used in recording studios for vocals and instruments. Its flat, wide-range frequency response and effective pop filter make it a choice for many recording engineers.

These dynamic microphones exemplify the versatility and reliability of dynamic microphone technology, making them popular choices for a range of professional audio applications.